The Church Year

A guide to the seasons, colors, and rhythms of the liturgical calendar

Telling the Story of Salvation

A Year-Round Journey of Faith

The liturgical calendar is the heartbeat of Episcopal worship. Rather than following the civic calendar, the church moves through its own year — a cycle of seasons, feasts, and fasts that together tell the entire story of God's saving work in Jesus Christ.

Each season has its own character, its own scriptural focus, and its own liturgical color. For newcomers, this calendar can feel unfamiliar at first. This page is a guide to help you understand and enter into the rhythm of the church's year.

The Seasons

Color: Purple or Blue

4 Weeks Before Christmas

Advent

The church year begins not with January, but with Advent — four weeks of patient, watchful waiting before Christmas. Advent is a season of holy longing: we wait for the coming of Christ, both his historical birth and his promised return.

The mood is quiet and anticipatory. We light candles on the Advent wreath, one each week, as the darkness gradually brightens toward Christmas morning. The music is more restrained, the "Alleluia" suppressed, the liturgy stripped back to make room for expectation.

Key Themes

Waiting, hope, preparation, repentance, longing

Liturgical Color

Purple (penitence) or blue (hope) — St. John's uses blue for Advent

Special Observances

Advent wreath lighting, the O Antiphons in the final days before Christmas, the Advent carol service

Begins

The Sunday nearest November 30 — the Sunday of St. Andrew

Color: White or Gold

December 25 – January 5

Christmas

Christmas is not a single day but a season of twelve days, running from Christmas Eve through the Feast of the Epiphany on January 6. The long waiting of Advent breaks open into joyful celebration of the Incarnation — God become human in Jesus Christ.

The church is adorned with greens, poinsettias, and candles. The "Alleluia" returns. The music swells. The great Christmas hymns — many of them centuries old — fill the nave with a joy that no other season quite matches.

Key Themes

Incarnation, joy, light in darkness, Emmanuel ("God with us")

Liturgical Color

White and gold

Special Services at St. John's

Christmas Eve family service (5:00 PM), Christmas Eve High Holy Mass (10:00 PM), Christmas Day Eucharist

The Twelve Days

Christmas continues through January 5 — Twelfth Night — when the greens are traditionally taken down

Color: White, then Green

January 6 – Ash Wednesday

Epiphany

Epiphany celebrates the "manifestation" of Christ to the Gentiles — traditionally marked by the visit of the Magi. The season then extends through a variable number of weeks as "Ordinary Time," a green season of growth and formation in the faith.

The Sundays after Epiphany are rich with stories of Jesus' early ministry: his baptism, his first miracles, the calling of the disciples. The season culminates with the Transfiguration, just before Lent begins.

Key Themes

Revelation, light to the nations, growth in discipleship, the ministry of Jesus

Liturgical Color

White for the Feast of the Epiphany; green for the Sundays after

Special Observances

Feast of the Epiphany (January 6), Baptism of Our Lord (first Sunday after Epiphany)

Color: Purple

Ash Wednesday – Holy Saturday

Lent

Lent is the church's great season of repentance and renewal — forty days (not counting Sundays) mirroring Jesus' forty days in the wilderness. It is a time of self-examination, fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, in preparation for the great celebration of Easter.

The liturgy is stripped back: flowers are removed, the "Alleluia" is once again suppressed, and a mood of sober honesty pervades the services. Lent is not meant to be grim, but genuine — an invitation to face our limitations and receive again the grace of God.

Key Themes

Repentance, self-examination, baptismal preparation, mortality, grace

Liturgical Color

Purple

Special Observances at St. John's

Ash Wednesday services (7:00 AM, 12:15 PM, 7:00 PM), Wednesday evening Lenten series, Stations of the Cross

Holy Week

The final week of Lent — Palm Sunday through Holy Saturday — is the most intense liturgical period of the year, culminating in the Great Three Days (Triduum)

Color: White and Gold

Easter Sunday – Day of Pentecost

Eastertide

Easter is not one day but fifty — a great season of resurrection joy running from Easter Sunday through Pentecost. This is the oldest and greatest season of the Christian year: the "feast of feasts," the "Sunday of Sundays." The "Alleluia" returns with full force.

The fifty days of Easter are meant to be more festive than the forty days of Lent. Flowers fill the church, the music is exuberant, and the readings from Acts trace the spread of the risen Christ's life through the early church.

Key Themes

Resurrection, new life, the Holy Spirit, Baptism, the Body of Christ

Liturgical Color

White and gold throughout; red on the Day of Pentecost

Special Observances at St. John's

Great Vigil of Easter (Holy Saturday night), Easter Sunday services, Ascension Day, the Day of Pentecost

Color: Green

Pentecost – Advent

Season after Pentecost

The longest season of the church year, running from the Day of Pentecost through the Saturday before Advent — sometimes nearly six months. This is "Ordinary Time" in the truest sense: not boring, but orderly — the long season of growth in which the church is formed in the way of Jesus.

The green of this season symbolizes growth and life. The Sunday lectionary traces Jesus' teachings in a semi-continuous pattern, drawing us deeply into a single Gospel each year. Formation, service, and mission are the season's hallmarks.

Key Themes

Discipleship, growth, mission, service, the life of the church in the world

Liturgical Color

Green; white and red on major feasts

Special Observances at St. John's

Blessing of the Animals (October), All Saints' Sunday, Christ the King Sunday

The Three-Year Lectionary

The Sunday readings cycle through Years A (Matthew), B (Mark), and C (Luke) over three years, with John woven throughout

Liturgical Colors at a Glance

Purple

Lent and sometimes Advent — penitence, preparation, and the royal dignity of Christ

Blue

Advent at St. John's — hope and the anticipation of the Messiah's coming

White & Gold

Christmas, Easter, and major feasts of Christ — purity, joy, and resurrection glory

Red

Pentecost, feasts of martyrs, ordinations — the fire of the Holy Spirit and the blood of the saints

Green

Ordinary Time (Epiphany and after Pentecost) — growth, life, and the ongoing work of formation

Black or Unbleached Linen

Good Friday and Ash Wednesday at some parishes — mourning, mortality, and stark honesty

Experience It in Person

The liturgical calendar comes alive in worship. Join us any Sunday and let the rhythm of the church year draw you deeper into the story of God's love.

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